The Plough

The Plough

Author: BBC World Service October 21, 2017 Duration: 9:59

The plough was a simple yet transformative technology. It was the plough that kick-started civilisation in the first place – that, ultimately, made our modern economy possible. But the plough did more than create the underpinning of civilisation – with all its benefits and inequities. Different types of plough led to different types of civilisation.

Presenter: Tim Harford Producer: Ben Crighton

(Photo: Farmer ploughing field, Credit: Shutterstock)


Behind every price tag, spreadsheet, and market fluctuation lies a human story of curiosity, accident, and sometimes sheer stubbornness. In 50 Things That Made the Modern Economy, the BBC World Service presents a journey through the seemingly ordinary objects and concepts that quietly built the world we live in. Host Tim Harford goes far beyond dry economic theory, digging into the surprising origins of things like the plow, the bar code, or the limited liability company. Each episode unpacks how a single invention or idea rippled out, reshaping work, society, and global power structures in ways we rarely stop to consider. You’ll hear how the humble receipt fueled commerce, how the shipping container erased distances, and how double-entry bookkeeping enabled empires. This isn't just a history lesson; it's a series of detective stories that connect the dots between a tangible thing and the abstract forces that govern our daily lives. The podcast makes the invisible architecture of our world visible and compelling, revealing the economic fingerprints on everything from your smartphone to your supermarket shelf. Harford’s engaging storytelling transforms complex topics into accessible and genuinely fascinating narratives, reminding us that the modern economy wasn't built by abstract forces alone, but by concrete things dreamed up by people. Tune in to understand not just how the economy works, but how it came to be.
Author: Language: English Episodes: 100

50 Things That Made the Modern Economy
Podcast Episodes
Seller Feedback [not-audio_url] [/not-audio_url]

Duration: 9:08
Why should we get into a stranger’s car – or buy a stranger’s laser pointer? In 1997, eBay introduced a feature that helped solve the problem: Seller Feedback. Jim Griffith was eBay’s first customer service representativ…
Paper Money [not-audio_url] [/not-audio_url]

Duration: 9:13
A young Venetian merchant named Marco Polo wrote a remarkable book chronicling his travels in China around 750 years ago. The Book of the Marvels of the World was full of strange foreign customs Marco claimed to have see…
Limited Liability Company [not-audio_url] [/not-audio_url]

Duration: 9:08
Nicholas Murray Butler was one of the great thinkers of his age: philosopher; Nobel Peace Prize-winner; president of Columbia University. When in 1911 Butler was asked to name the most important innovation of the industr…
Dynamo [not-audio_url] [/not-audio_url]

Duration: 9:08
You might think electricity had an immediate and transformative impact on economic productivity. But you would be wrong. Thirty years after the invention of the useable light bulb, almost all American factories still rel…
Leaded Petrol [not-audio_url] [/not-audio_url]

Duration: 9:12
In the 1920s lead was added to petrol. It made cars more powerful and was, according to its advocates, a “gift”. But lead is a gift which poisons people; something figured out as long ago as Roman times. There’s some evi…
Department Store [not-audio_url] [/not-audio_url]

Duration: 9:08
Flamboyant American retailer Harry Gordon Selfridge introduced Londoners to a whole new shopping experience, one honed in the department stores of late-19th century America. He swept away previous shopkeepers’ customs of…
Barbed Wire [not-audio_url] [/not-audio_url]

Duration: 9:13
In 1876 John Warne Gates described the new product he hoped to sell as “lighter than air, stronger than whiskey, cheaper than dust”. We simply call it barbed wire. The advertisements of the time touted it this fence as “…
Tax Havens [not-audio_url] [/not-audio_url]

Duration: 9:13
The economist Gabriel Zucman is the inventor of an ingenious way to estimate the amount of wealth hidden in the offshore banking system. In theory, if you add up the assets and liabilities reported by every global financ…
Infant Formula [not-audio_url] [/not-audio_url]

Duration: 9:09
Not every baby has a mother who can breastfeed. Indeed, not every baby has a mother. In the early 1800s, only two in three babies who weren’t breastfed lived to see their first birthday. Many were given “pap”, a bread-an…
Tally Stick [not-audio_url] [/not-audio_url]

Duration: 9:12
Tally sticks were made from willow harvested along the banks of the Thames in London. The stick would contain a record of the debt. It might say, for example, “9£ 4s 4p from Fulk Basset for the farm of Wycombe”. Fulk Bas…