Part 2 of how NUTRITION has a HUGE impact on your BRAIN!
Everything in your brain is something you ate, something you made from something you ate, or, in a few cases, something your mother ate. Nutrition impacts your mental and emotional health, the function of your five senses, and your conscious and unconscious control over your body movements.
Join me as I lead you in a safari through the textbook, "Neuroscience," pointing out along the way all the interesting connections to nutrition. Listen in for part 2 on the NEUROTRANSMITTERS!
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In this episode, you will find all of the following and more:
Nutrition in Neuroscience Show Notes
00:36 Cliff Notes
10:15 Overview of neurotransmitters
12:55 Glutamate is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter.
20:08 De novo glutamate in the central nervous system is overwhelmingly made from glucose.
22:55 Ketogenic diet for epilepsy
26:12 Glutamate metabolism
29:42 There are two classes of glutamate receptors: ionotropic and metabotropic.
30:45 There are three classes of metabotropic glutamate receptors, their actions are complex and variable, and they can be excitatory or inhibitory.
31:04 The ionotropic glutamate receptors include AMPA receptors, NMDA receptors, and kainite receptors, all of which have a depolarizing effect by allowing sodium and potassium to flow freely through them.
33:47 Four unique things about the NMDA receptor: magnesium is required to block its ion channel, it's important for coincidence detection, it allows calcium to come into the cell, and it has a glycine-binding site.
39:16 Long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) are important for forming memories, and glutamate receptors play an important role.
46:48 GABA and glycine are the two primary inhibitory neurotransmitters of the central nervous system.
50:04 GABA and presumably glycine can be stimulatory if there is more chloride on the inside of the neuron than the outside.
54:52 Evidence that GABA might cross the blood-brain barrier
57:43 GABA in foods
01:00:14 GABA metabolism in the nervous system
01:02:07 Glycine
01:08:01 Acetylcholine
01:13:49 The biogenic amines include histamine, serotonin, and the catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine).
01:14:30 Synthesis of the catecholamines
01:16:45 Dopamine
01:20:07 Norepinephrine
01:22:31 Histamine
01:26:14 Serotonin
01:29:10 ATP and adenosine
01:32:37 Peptide neurotransmitters
01:32:59 Hypothalamic releasing hormones include thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH).
01:35:14 Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)
01:35:31 Oxytocin
01:36:18 Vasopressin
01:36:56 Synthesis of the neuropeptides Substance P, MSH, oxytocin, and vasopressin requires glycine, zinc, copper, and vitamin C.
01:40:23 Endocannabinoids and the importance of arachidonic acid, EPA, and DHA
