Chen Duxiu Update (or, the Devil Makes Work for Idle Hands) (1929)

Chen Duxiu Update (or, the Devil Makes Work for Idle Hands) (1929)

Author: Matthew Rothwell December 11, 2025 Duration: 31:21

The story of how the co-founder and first General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party became a Trotskyist.

Further reading:
Gregor Benton, China’s Urban Revolutionaries: Explorations in the History of Chinese Trotskyism, 1921-1952
Gregor Benton, Prophets Unarmed: Chinese Trotskyists in Revolution, War, Jail, and the Return from Limbo
Lee Feigon, Chen Duxiu: Founder of the Chinese Communist Party
Chang Kuo-t’ao [Zhang Guotao], The Rise of the Chinese Communist Party (2 volumes)
Tony Saich, The Rise to Power of the Chinese Communist Party
Jane Price, Cadres, Commanders, and Commissars: The Training of the Chinese Communist Leadership, 1920-1945

Some names from this episode:
Chen Duxiu, co-founder of the Communist Party of China
Li Dazhao, co-founder of the Communist Party of China
Zheng Chaolin, Chinese Trotskyist
Li Lisan, leading Communist
Yin Kuan, resigned as Provincial Secretary in Anhui
Peng Shuzhi, resigned as Provincial Secretary in Zhili
Wang Zekai, Chinese Trotskyist
Liu Bojian, former Provincial Secretary in Hubei
Ren Xu, Chinese Trotskyist
Xiang Ying, Jiangsu Provincial Secretary following the 6th Party Congress
Cai Zhende, member of Jiangsu Provincial Committee
Zhou Enlai, head of the Organization Department of the Central Committee
Wang Ruofei, sent to work in a factory in Moscow as punishment for Trotskyism before recanting
Qu Qiubai, top leader of Communist Party from the summer of 1927 until the Sixth Congress
Zhang Guotao, leading Communist 

Episode artwork:
Chen Duxiu with Peng Shuzi in 1932

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Matthew Rothwell, author of "Transpacific Revolutionaries: The Chinese Revolution in Latin America," hosts People's History of Ideas Podcast, a series that digs into the intellectual currents behind movements for change. Rather than a simple chronology of events, this podcast traces how concepts of rebellion and revolution have traveled across borders and been reshaped by different cultures. Rothwell’s approach is grounded and connective, showing how ideas are forged in response to real-world pressures like imperialism and social upheaval. For its current arc, the narrative zeroes in on the long history of the Chinese Revolution, beginning not in the twentieth century but with the profound shock of the Opium War in 1839. From that pivotal moment, the podcast follows the evolving thought and reaction that would eventually culminate in revolutionary change, offering a deep, contextual understanding often missing from standard historical accounts. It’s for anyone who wants to hear history told through the lens of ideology and collective action, where philosophical shifts have tangible global consequences. Listening to this podcast feels like unpacking a complex genealogy of thought, where each episode reveals another link in a chain of influence and resistance. Rothwell guides you through these intricate stories with a scholar’s care, making vast historical processes feel immediate and relevant. You’ll find a thoughtful exploration at the intersection of history, culture, and philosophy, all centered on how people have historically imagined and fought for a different world.
Author: Language: English Episodes: 136

People's History of Ideas Podcast
Podcast Episodes
A Single Spark Can Start a Prairie Fire (January 1930) (Part Two) [not-audio_url] [/not-audio_url]

Duration: 30:53
We conclude our close reading of Mao’s January 5, 1930 letter to Lin Biao. In this episode, Mao discusses his method for understanding the possibilities for revolution in China, as well as the particular tactics to be em…
A Single Spark Can Start a Prairie Fire (January 1930) (Part One) [not-audio_url] [/not-audio_url]

Duration: 22:44
We begin our close reading of Mao’s January 5, 1930 letter to Lin Biao.Further reading:Stuart Schram, ed., Mao’s Road to Power, vol. 3: From the Jinggangshan to the Establishment of the Jiangxi Soviets, July 1927-Decembe…
The Chinese Communist Party Interventions in the 1929 Sino-Soviet War [not-audio_url] [/not-audio_url]

Duration: 23:26
How the Chinese Communist Party tried to turn war into revolution in Manchuria in 1929.Further reading:Bruce A. Elleman and Stephen Kotkin, eds., Manchurian Railways and the Opening of ChinaMichael M. Walker, The 1929 Si…
The 1929 Sino-Soviet War Concludes [not-audio_url] [/not-audio_url]

Duration: 21:30
The final Soviet offensive, and some details on Chiang Ching-kuo’s activities as a student in Moscow.Further reading:Bruce A. Elleman and Stephen Kotkin, eds., Manchurian Railways and the Opening of ChinaMichael M. Walke…
The 1929 Sino-Soviet War Begins [not-audio_url] [/not-audio_url]

Duration: 21:56
Some basic military history of the beginning of the war.Further reading:Bruce A. Elleman and Stephen Kotkin, eds., Manchurian Railways and the Opening of ChinaMichael M. Walker, The 1929 Sino-Soviet WarJohn Erickson, The…
The Chinese Eastern Railway: Background to the 1929 Sino-Soviet War [not-audio_url] [/not-audio_url]

Duration: 20:25
The Guomindang moves to seize Soviet assets in Manchuria. Also, subscribe to the new substack at https://peopleshistoryofideas.substack.com/.Further reading:Bruce A. Elleman and Stephen Kotkin, eds., Manchurian Railways…