#5: Using the DEARMAN Framework to Say No

#5: Using the DEARMAN Framework to Say No

Author: Bay Area DBT & Couples Counseling Center May 29, 2019 Duration: 28:47

Do you find it hard to say 'no', or get what you want in your relationships? Today, Marielle and Ed will be talking about interpersonal effectiveness. The interpersonal effectiveness skills in DBT are practical and they are really helpful in giving us a structure for obtaining what we want and need in relationships. These skills also provide us with a structure for saying 'no', while maintaining our self-respect. This is something that many of us seem to struggle with, so tune in now, to find out more.

In DBT, it's important to think about balance when trying to ask for something or to say 'no' to something in relationships. In today's podcast, Marielle and Ed will be introducing the interpersonal effectiveness module, and they will be discussing one of the module's core skills. Listen in, to find out what they have to share about these really effective interpersonal skills.

Show Highlights:

  • In DBT, when looking at interpersonal effectiveness skills, we're trying to balance different needs and priorities.
  • Meeting our objectives, maintaining the relationship, and maintaining self-respect are all important things to consider.
  • DBT helps people figure out which of the three goals has top priority, in order to help people figure out which skill to use.
  • Sometimes, people are not clear about what they want from a situation.
  • How to look for the middle and avoid the extremes in relationships.
  • Thinking about some of the hard conversations in advance can be super helpful.
  • When emotions are high, we're not able to be as effective in asking or saying 'no' because the emotion may cloud things
  • When our emotions are high, the tendency is to focus only on the short-term and we forget our long-term goals.
  • Some common myths that people have about interpersonal effectiveness and relationships.
  • Looking at common interpersonal myths such as:  I don't deserve to get what we want or need or I should always be willing to sacrifice my own needs for those of others.
  • It's hard for some people to tolerate others feeling upset with them, so they find it hard to ask for something or say 'no'.
  • Some of the myths people who place their self-respect first all the time tend to believe. People should just know what I need so I shouldn't have to ask is a common one.
  • Learning the skill of Radical Acceptance and how that relates to relationships.
  • Ed and Marielle go through the foundational skill of the interpersonal effectiveness module in DBT. It's the acronym DEARMAN. D=describe, E=express, A=assert or ask, R=reinforce, M=mindful, A=appear confident, N=negotiate.
  • Ed and Marielle bring DEARMAN to life with an example. 
  • Marielle gives some real-life examples of DEARMAN from their own working relationship.
  • In the relationships where we are most comfortable and we let our guard down, is often where we are the least thoughtful. It really helps to have a structure to hold on to and to help us be more thoughtful about these types of interactions.
  • Writing out a brief script for yourself before having a hard conversation can really help you to remain focused.

Ask Us a Question!

We'd love to hear from you! Where are you getting stuck with your skills application? Ask us a question for the chance to have it answered on the podcast. Submit your question here. 

Please note that questions, and this podcast in general, are not a substitute for individual mental health treatment.


Hosted by the clinicians at the Bay Area DBT & Couples Counseling Center, The Skillful Podcast is a practical guide for anyone feeling stuck in their emotional patterns or relationships. Instead of abstract theory, each episode breaks down tangible skills from two powerful frameworks: Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) and Radically-Open DBT (RO-DBT). You'll hear straightforward explanations of concepts like mindfulness, distress tolerance, and emotional regulation, but also learn about the often-overlooked skills of openness, flexibility, and social connectedness that RO-DBT emphasizes. The focus is always on application-how to take these ideas off the therapist's couch and weave them into your daily interactions and internal world. Whether navigating personal stress, a challenging conversation, or the pursuit of a more fulfilling life, this podcast offers concrete tools to try in real time. It’s a resource for building resilience from the inside out, episode by episode. Tuning in feels less like a lecture and more like a thoughtful consultation, where complex psychological wisdom is translated into actionable steps for reducing suffering and fostering deeper connections with others and yourself.
Author: Language: English Episodes: 61

The Skillful Podcast
Podcast Episodes
#61: DBT Skills Group for Therapists [not-audio_url] [/not-audio_url]

Duration: 8:21
Are you a therapist who wants the experience of being in a DBT skills group yourself? Are you curious about how the skills can help YOU? Marielle and Ed are starting a new skills group designed specifically for therapist…
#60: Problem Solving [not-audio_url] [/not-audio_url]

Duration: 27:29
What DBT skill do you use when your emotion fits the facts? One option is to work on changing the facts. The skill of Problem Solving offers a structured framework to help you change situations that cause painful emotion…
#59: Willingness [not-audio_url] [/not-audio_url]

Duration: 30:12
Today's episode discusses the DBT skill of Willingness. Willingness is one of the reality acceptance skills that we teach in Distress Tolerance. This skill can help you let go of fighting what is so you can do what's nee…
#58: Applying DEAR MAN in Difficult Interactions [not-audio_url] [/not-audio_url]

Duration: 33:40
Once you have grasp of the DEAR MAN skill, you might find yourself getting stuck when you try to use it in difficult interactions. Maybe the other person pushes back, tries to change the subject, or refuses to engage fai…
#57: Figuring Out How to Change Painful Emotions [not-audio_url] [/not-audio_url]

Duration: 34:53
Once you have a grasp of the change-oriented skills in DBT (such as Check the Facts, Opposite Action, and Problem Solving) it can be hard to figure out which one to use. This episode walks you through deciding if and whe…
#56: Emotions Explained: Shame [not-audio_url] [/not-audio_url]

Duration: 30:16
Shame is one of the most painful emotions we can experience. This episode explores what shame is, when the emotion is useful (and when it's not), and skills to help you cope when shame threatens to overwhelm you. Shame i…
#55: Emotions Explained: Fear [not-audio_url] [/not-audio_url]

Duration: 35:11
Today's episode focuses on the emotion of fear. At its most fundamental, fear keeps us safe. It guides us to fight, flee, or freeze in the face of danger. Often, though, fear can be chronic, manifesting as anxiety, worry…
#54: Emotions Explained: Anger [not-audio_url] [/not-audio_url]

Duration: 34:07
In this episode, Marielle and Ed discuss the emotion of anger. In its most useful form, anger moves us to protect and defend ourselves and those we care about. Many people, though, find anger frightening because they hav…
#53: Walking the Middle Path [not-audio_url] [/not-audio_url]

Duration: 33:33
When we find ourselves getting caught in extremes, the DBT skill called Walking the Middle Path helps us re-calibrate. Use this skill when you notice you are caught in binary thinking to find a way to move towards center…
#52: Interpersonal Effectiveness Overview [not-audio_url] [/not-audio_url]

Duration: 49:38
This episode is an overview of the core Interpersonal Effectiveness skills in DBT, focusing on clarifying objectives, DEAR MAN, GIVE, and FAST. There are a lot of acronyms in the Interpersonal Effectiveness module! Memor…